Requires a moist fertile humus-rich acidic soil in sun or light dappled shade. Prefers a cool peaty soil.

None known

Seed - sow as soon as it is ripe just below the surface of a peat/sand mix in pots in a cold frame. Keep cool and moist. Germination usually takes place within 1 - 6 months at 10°c. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in pots plunged in a nursery bed for 1 - 2 years, giving protection from severe weather. Plant out in spring when the plants are large enough. Division.

Low moist ground in meadows, thickets and rich woods.