Succeeds in ordinary garden soils, including heavy clays.

Root - raw or cooked. Fleshy. Young stems, when 5 - 10cm high, and the bases of the lower leaves - raw or cooked. Used as a potherb.

Seed - sow spring in situ. Make sure to water the seed in if the weather is dry.

Fields in Turkey, 400 - 1840 metres.